Effects of essential oils on Solanum lycopersicum L. seed germination and inhibition of Alternaria spp.
Abstract
Early Blight severely affects tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crops and is caused by various species of Alternaria spp. In recent times, the study of natural alternatives has been promoted, such as essential oils to minimize the negative effects of the active principles of synthetic fungicides. The objective was to evaluate the effect of essential oils of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) on the germination of tomato seeds and the growth inhibition of Alternaria spp. for its alternative use as Early Blight control. It was evaluated the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the essential oils on a strain of Alternaria spp. isolated from a tomato fruit with symptoms; and Vigor and Germination Power on tomato seeds in order to determine phytotoxicity. MIC values of 1,2 mg ml-1 and 0,2820 mg ml-1 were obtained for the essential oils of oregano and thyme respectively. The MIC of both oils was observed that did not produce phytotoxic effects on the seeds, and Vigor and Germination Power was similar to the control. These results demonstrate the lack of toxicity and the antifungal effectiveness on Alternaria spp. of the essential oils tested, so both constitute a new natural alternative for application on tomato seeds to control Early Blight.
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