Urolithiasis in small ruminants
Abstract
Urolithiasis is a disease affecting the urinary tract of sheep and goat,
being most frequent in intensive and semi-intensive breeding systems. Clinically,
it is characterised by depression, lethargy, teeth grinding, inappetence, oliguria,
leakage of urine in cases of partial obstruction, dehydration, prepucial swelling,
bloating, reluctance to move and death. The most common calculi are those of
silica, struvite, oxalates and phytoestrogens, and their genesis involves nutritional,
environmental, management factors and physiological factors related to
animals, like de age, breed and castration. There are medical treatments based
on sedatives, muscle relaxants, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, diuretics and
urine acidifyiers, that in early stages of the disease are effective. It is necessary
to deepen research regarding the pathogenesis of the disease and risk factors,
since they are key tools in the early diagnosis, control, and prevention of urolithiasis
in small ruminants.
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