Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in intensive swine farms in Argentina
Abstract
Pigs are highly susceptible to infection by various species of Cryptosporidium. It is usually a subclinical disease. Infection patterns, duration and economic importance remain unreported. In Argentina there are few studies that have determined the prevalence in pigs, epidemiological and clinical characteristics. The objective of the present study was to determine the presence and distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. in pigs from intensive farms in Argentina, and the characteristics of consistency and color of feces. 22 establishments were sampled. From each of them fecal matter samples were taken from 10 pigs of 8, 15 and 22 weeks of age. The presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and the number of oocysts per gram (opg) of fecal matter, consistency, color and their relationship with the presence/absence of the agent, with age, amount of opg and type of floor used were determined. It was concluded that Cryptosporidium is a prevalent agent in intensive farms in Argentina. It was detected in 86.4% of the surveyed establishments (intra-farm prevalence from 6.66% to 26.66%). It is prevalent in animals between 8 and 15 weeks of age. It appears to be infrequent at 22 weeks of age. The fecal matter of positive animals was mostly brownish (up to yellowish) in color and creamy (up to liquid) in consistency. 89% of the positive animals showed a decrease in the consistency of fecal matter. The highest opg levels were observed in this type of fecal matter. Finally, there would be a probable association between the type of floor (grid/solid) and the percentage of positive animals.
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