Aditivos mixtos de probióticos/anti-micotoxinas (Saccharomyces cerevisiae RC016 y Lactobacillus rhamnosus RC007) suplementados con alimentos contaminados con AFB1 y su influencia en los parámetros productivos, la bioquímica y la histopatología del hígado/intestino de pollos de engorde
Palabras clave:
broiler chickens, probiotic, antibiotic, aflatoxin B1, growth performance.Resumen
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la influencia de la suplementación dietética de un aditivo mixto de probióticos y anti-micotoxinas (MA, Saccharomyces cerevisiae RC016 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus RC007) y su interacción sobre el rendimiento y la salud (bioquímica e histopatología de hígado/intestino) de pollos de engorde alimentados con una dieta contaminada con aflatoxina B1 (AFB1). Un total de 60 pollos de engorde Cobb de un día de edad se asignaron al azar en cuatro grupos de tratamiento con tres réplicas de 5 aves cada una durante cinco semanas. La dieta experimental de cada tratamiento (T) se formuló de la siguiente manera: T1, dieta comercial (CD); T2, CD + AFB1 (506.14 ± 22.1 ng/kg); T3, CD + 0.1% MA, la relación fue 1:1, S. cerevisiae RC016 (1x107 cells/g) a L. rhamnosus RC007 (1x108 cells/g); T4, CD + AFB1 (506.14 ± 22.1 ng/kg) + 0.1% MA. La MA mejoró (p< 0.01) los parámetros de producción (ganancia de peso, tasa de conversión y rendimiento de la canal) y redujo (p < 0.01) el efecto tóxico de AFB1 sobre el peso relativo de los hígados. Además, se redujeron las alteraciones macro y microscópicas de los hígados y la posible lesión intestinal relacionada con el daño histológico en presencia de micotoxinas. El uso de probióticos MA a base de S. cerevisiae RC016 y L. rhamnosus RC007 en la alimentación animal proporciona una mayor protección contra la contaminación por micotoxinas y es seguro para su uso como suplemento en la alimentación animal, ejerciendo efectos beneficiosos que mejoran la salud y la productividad animal. Esto es de gran importancia a nivel económico para el sistema de producción aviar.
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